Liquid-feed-forcing appliance



W. T. SIMPSON LIQUID FEED FORCING APPLIANCE June 8 1926.

Filed Oct. 2l, 1920 @Patented .lune 8, 1926.

Peril PMI WARD1 T. SINEPSON, OF ANN AREG-R, MIGHGAN.

LIQUIDeFEED-FRCE'NG APE-LIANCE.

Application filed Gletober 2l, 1920. Serial No. 418,416.

1t is the object.- ofv myv invention` to provide means whereby a liquidmay be forced to a desired point, such as oilin a lubricatingsystem',without the use of acylinder and piston, usually employed, by utilizingthe power derived from the suction and compression in. the cylinder ofthe engine or compressor, toy act. directly upon the liquid to be forcedto t-h'evpointsV of delivery or the parts to be lubricated.` Otherobjects of theinvention willbe clear from theg following descriptionand. the scope of the invention will bev defined. in the appendedclaims, it: being understood that the drawing, together withx thedescription, is.. to beregardcd as'illustrative of one form of myinvention and. not as restrictive upon its scope.

rlihe. drawing shows in` Figure 1 a central sectional view of theinventiony which may be applied as a force feed unit of a lubricatingsystem for automobiles, or inother situations and for other uses.

Fig. Qis a detail view.

Fig. 3 is a plan: view of the invention combined with afitting whereby aplurality of connections may cooperate with the force feed chamber'.

Fig; 4; is: a sectional view on line 4 4. of lig.,

Referring to Figs. 1 andQ, the numeral 1 indicates a chamber having apipe Qleadi-ng thereto by which the interior of the chamber is subjectedto pulsations from the combustion chamber or compression space of anautomobile engine or a cylinder of a compressor or other engine.

3 is al pipe for supplying the liquid, for instance oill, from asuitable reservoir, and 1l is a dclivery pipe by which the-liquid islconveyed from the deviceto the point where it is to be delivered.

These two pipes connectv with' the branch 5 which is in rcommunicationwith the lower part of the chamber, as shown. In this branch there isavalve or plunger 6, ln the present instance this is in the form of aballadapted to fit an. upper seat 7 and a lower seat 8 controlling the flowof the liquid to and from the chamber. For this purpose the ball orplunger works inI the space between the two seats and when the plungeris passing;- from one seat to the other, theA liquid may flow past theplunger or ball on all sides thereof to or from: the chamber, as thecase may be.

The supply pipe is furnished with a check valve 9 closingtowards thesupply reservoir, and the delivery pipe is provided with a check valve10 closingtowards the branch 5.

The plunger or ball valve is carried by a stem 11, pressed normallyupwardly by a spring 12 seated on the bottom of the charnber andconnected at its upper end with the stem. There is a float member 13within the chamber adapted to bear on the upper end of the valve stem,and, preferably, this float member is not attached to the stem but canhave movement independent thereof. The float does not lit the chambertightly and at one side there is a channel 14C for the passage of theliquid alongside of the float, the purpose of this construction being`to eliminate the undue rise or creeping` of the liquid due to capillaryattraction and to allow the liquid' to be influenced promptly and freelyby the pulsations from the compression chamber of the engine.

ln the operation of the device, by the pulsations from the enginecylinder, i. e., the suction and compression following each other inrapid succession, the plunger or ball valve will be in rapidreciprocation between its two seats. On the suction stroke it willraise, but during its movement from its lower to its upper seat it willpermit the liquidy to be drawn past it from the supply pipe and into theforce feed chamber, itV being understood that check valve 10 will now beclosed and the check valve 9 will bev open. (ln the compression strokeof the engine piston the liquid will be placed under pressure and theplunger 6 will be forced from its upper to its lower seat, but as soonas it leaves its upper seat and until it reaches its lower seat, theliquid will be forced past it and into the delivery pipe from thechamber 1, check valve 10 now being open and check valve 9 closed.rllhis pressure from the engine cylinder as well as the suctioninentioned above, acts directly ou the liquid and no piston is employed.such as in a pump of ordinary form, and at each cycle of operation asubstantially definite or predetermined amount of oil is drawn into thechamber from the supply and a substantially equal amount is forced outof the chamber and through the delivery pipe, sov that a prescribedcharge of oil is delivered to the parts to be lubricated for eachreciprocation of the eng-ine or compressor piston.

So long` as the supply and delivery of the oil to and from the chamber 1are equal and, as a consequence, the level of the oil in said chamber ismaintained, the lloat will be practically out oit service, it remaining{loating above the stem of the valve Without having any effect thereon,but should the supply et oil tlowing in from the supply pipe 3 becomereduced from any cause, then the level the liquid in the chamber 1 willtall, due to the discharge ot liquid from the chamber exceeding thesupply, and the float l tall and contact with the valve and stein andload he saine so that the movement ot the valve will be eitl "educed orwill pracicaly cease, and t ner i ie valve Will then gravitate to itslovver seat and will prevent the compression strokes from clearing theoil delivery pipe and blowing out through said pipe and reducing thepower of the engine on account ol losing a part ot its compression. Thiscondition will continue until the supply pipe opens up and permits thesuction stroke oit the engine to draw threuch from the reservoir, andagain build up the supply in the chamber to the point Where the lloat isbuoyed up again.

lt, on the other hand, the outlet pipe becomes stopped, the suctionstrokes Will draw 'i the liquid and buoy up the loat, relieve the springand allow it to scat the plunger and prevent the engine from drawingliquid into its ov-:n compression chamber, and this condition willcontinue until the delivery pipe has opened or partly opened, the ballvalve remaining on its upper scat and pre venting any liquid being drawninto the chamber and thence to the engine.

ln my device there is no piston for pumping the liquid, but thepulsations from the engine act directly on the liquid itself.

`With a piston, under slow movement, leakage past the piston is liableto take place and thus the piston arrangement is of low etliciency atslow speeds. This, however, is not so with my devic The passages at thetop of the lorce l'eed chamber are small, in order to get effectiveaction with small power.

l show in lligs. 3 and 4 development of the invention tor supplyingliquid to a number ot' delivery points. A suitable traine has a ninnberot branches l5 to supply different parts ot the system. Each ot thesebranches is supplied with oil from the main supply pil e 3. and there isa check valve 9. between each branch pipe and lthe supply pipe closingtowards the supply pipe, and there is also a. cheek valve 10 at thedischarge end ot each branch 15.

Ylilach ot these branch pipes communi ates vfith a passage 1G connectedby branch 16 with thcintcrior et the torce leed chamber, and there is aplunger or ball 6X operating in a pocket 1T in each branch 15, saidpocket li-.iving a scat 18 and a second seat 19, the

latter being on the end ot a tube 2O screw threaded into the Fitting orcasing and having head 21 by which it may be turned. rihis pipecommunicates with the passage 16 through an opening 22, it beingunderstood that there is one of these tubes in each branch 15.

llhe pulsations tro-m the compression space of the motor acting directlyon the liquid in the torce l'eed chamber will, on the compressionstroke, exert pressure on the oil in passages 16X and 16, and theplungers or balls 6X under normal conditions all will be unseated at 19and during the time they are passing from seat 19 to seat- 18 there willbe discharge ot oil from the branches 15. l.When the valve or plungerreaches the seat 18, further discharge will cease.

During this discharging action all ot the inlet check valves 9 Will beclosed.

@n the suction stroke the suction will be exerted on the liquid in thechamber l and consequently on the liquid in passage 1G, which is in freecommunication with chamber l and hence oil will be drawn in through allthe check valves in the inlet line into the various branches 15, as Wellas into the main chamber, but this sucking in ot the liquid Will go ononly While the plungers or ball valves are passing from the seat 18 tothe seat 19, so that a limited amount of oil Will be drawn in and thisWill be discharged at the next compression stroke.

rlhc plunger seats may be changed'so as to give diilerent lengths otmovement to the plungcrs for varying the feed otl oil. Thus the branchconnection 5 may be provided with a removable member 5X having a seatfor the plunger, so that by removing this seat member and replacing itwith another oit different length, the seats for the plunger may belocated closer together or farther apart to get dill'lerent quantitiesot' oil past the plunger at each movement.

rl`his adjustment is also true of the seats for the plungers or balls6*. Here one seat is on the removable tube 20, which may be replaced byanother tube ot different length.

The torce 'feed chamber cooperates with the several branches as acompensating or controlling means therefor. It, tor instance, any one otthe plungers allous too much liquid to pass it on the suction stroke,this excess Will raise the level oi liquid in the float chamber and thefloat will raise and the main plunger will raise and cut Ott' its Ownsupply by the action ot the spring as Well as the suction, and then onthe compression stroke this charge will be forced out t'rom the chamber.lt, on the other hand, any one ot the plungers leaks when on its seat 18and thus causes the level of the liquid in the chamber 1 to lower ortend to lower. the main plunger will be depressed by the Weight ot theoat and will prevent the full discharge of oil into the dischargepassage 4t. Any branch l5 which may have a leak or go out of servicewill not prevent the other branches or the main chamber l fromoperating.

The device shown in Fig.. l is a unit com.- plete in itself and may beused either with or without the other parts shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

l. A force feed appliance :for liquids comprising a lubricant holdingchamber having a connection to receive pulsations directly upon the bodyoit' lubricant from the compression space ot an engine cylinder, aninlet and an outlet for liquid connected with the said chamber, andcontrolling means whereby a limited quantity of oil is drawn into thesaid chamber from the inlet pipe on the suction stroke and is dischargedtherefrom into the outlet pipe on the compression stroke by the directaction of the said pulsationson the liquid, substantially as described.

2. In combination, a chamber having means ol? communication at its oneend with the compression space oit an engine, a liquid supply pipe, adischarge pipe, a branch connecting said pipes with the other end of thechamber, check valves in the supply and discharge pipes, a plunger inthe branch connection, an upper and a lower seat therefor spaced apartso that the plunger may move trom one seat to the other from thepulsations acting directly on the body of liquid in said chamber, theliquid passing said plunger as it is moving from one seat to the otherto liow into or out of said chamber, substantially as described.

3. ln combination, a chamber having a connection leading to thecompression space ot the engine, a supply and discharge conduit withcheck valves therein, a branch conduit connecting the supply anddischarge conduits with the chamber, a plunger working in said branchconduit, seats therefor, the plunger when on the upper seat preventinginlet ot liquid to the chamber and when on the lower seat preventingoutlet of liquid therefrom, and during its movement from seat to seatallowing the liquid to pass it into the chamber on the suction stroke ofthe engine and out from the chamber during the compression stroke, aspring for pressing the plunger normally upwardly and a lioat in thechamber for acting on the plunger by imposing its load thereon when thelevel of the liquid falls in said chamber.

'-l. ln combination, a chamber having a connection with the compressionspace of the engine, a liquid supply and discharge conduit with meansbetween the same and said chamber for delivering into said chamber alimited amount of liquid at each suction stroke and dischargingtherefrom a limited amount at each compression stroke of the engine, abranch connected with the inlet conduit with a check valve closingtowards the said inlet conduit and a check valve to permit dischargefrom said branch, a passage connecting the said branch with the saidchamber, and a plunger controlling the passage of liquid between saidbranch and the said passage, and two seats for the plunger, the passageof liquid being prevented towards-thc chamber when the plunger is onone'seat and from the said chamber when the plunger is on the otherseat, but allowing liquid to pass when the plunger is passing from oneseat to the other, the liquid in said passage and in the said chamberbeing directly subjected to the action of the suction and compressionfrom the engine thereon.

5. In combination in a force feed for liquids comprising a chamber, aninlet and an outlet conduit, check valves therein, a plunger betweensaid check valves and the chamber, movable between two seats by thesuction and compression on the liquid from the compresion space of anengine, said plunger permitting the passage of liquid by it when movingfrom one seat to the other, substantially as described.

6. ln combination in al force feed for liquids comprising a chamber, aninlet and an outlet conduit, check valves therein, a plunger betweensaid check valves and the chamber, movable between two seats by thesuction and compression on the liquid from the compression space of anengine, said plunger permitting the passage of liquid by it when movingfrom one seat to the other, and a branch connected with the supply pipeand with the said chamber and having also an outlet, check valves at thesupply and discharge openings of said branch and a plunger'between thesaid branch and the said chamber to shut oli the passage of liquid whenat the limit of its movement in either direction, but permitting thepassage of liquid when it is in an intermediate position, substantallyas described.

7. In combination, a chamber having communication with the compressionspace of an engine, an inlet and an outlet conduit for liquid, a branchconduit between said inlet and outlet conduits and the chamber, checkvalves, .1 plunger operating in the branch, twoseats for said plungerwhereby the inlet ot liquid to and its discharge from the chamber iscontrolled, but liquid is adapted t-o pass the plunger when intermediateof the seats, a lioat in the chamber for loading the plunger when thelevel of liquid falls in the chamber and a by-pass between the oppositeends of the chamber past the ioat, substantially as described.

8. In combination, a lubricant chamber having a communication with thecompression space of an engine to receive pulsations directly therefrom,upon its contained oil, a port at said chamber serving as an inlet andas an outlet for lubricant to and from the same and means operated bythe pulsations from the compression space upon the lubricant in saidchamber to control the inlet and discharge of lubricant to and from saidchamber, substantially as described.

9. In combination, a chamber for holding lubricant having a connectionto the combustion space of an engine` for subjecting the chamber, andcontrolling,- means for the inlet of lubricant Yfrom said supplyconnection and for the discharge of lubricant to said conduit o1 eraleflby the Variations in pressure upon the body of lubricant in saidchamber. 20

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

WARD T. SIMPSON.

